Производство поддерживает будущее развивающихся стран в Азии
Время выпуска:
2024-04-12
Ключевые слова:
Обрабатывающая промышленность,Тестирование
Under the influence of the sluggish economic outlook in the United States and Europe,and the possibility of a decline in exports,the further upgrading of Asian manufacturing is facing a severe test.The recently released global and national manufacturing purchasing managers'indices(PMI)indicate that global manufacturing output and orders are declining.JPMorgan Chase's newly released global PMI index fell from 50.7%in July to 50.1%in August.According to convention,an index above 50%indicates overall expansion of the manufacturing industry,while the opposite indicates contraction.Obviously,the global manufacturing industry is in a critical stage of continuing to rise or decline.
The increase in domestic demand is expected to offset the adverse effects of the external environment
Asia is the base of global manufacturing.The manufacturing industry in the vast majority of Asian countries is more developed than the service industry,and ASEAN and China,Japan,and South Korea(10+3)have manufacturing as their export pillar.According to data from the Asian Development Bank,in 2009,China accounted for 13%of global manufacturing exports,ASEAN 10 countries accounted for 6.1%,Japan accounted for about 6%,South Korea accounted for 3.7%,and the"10+3"total accounted for about 29%.In the global export of machinery and transportation equipment,"10+3"accounts for 31%.
Analysis suggests that the Asian manufacturing industry was greatly impacted during the 2008 international financial crisis.Since then,major manufacturing countries in Asia have adjusted their export structures and focused on exploring new export markets.In recent years,domestic demand in Asian countries has also increased rapidly,which has increased the region's ability to digest manufacturing products.The recently released Purchasing Managers Index for Asian countries shows that although new export order data has declined,overall new orders and employment data are growing synchronously,indicating that more new orders come from local sources,and the increase in domestic demand is expected to offset the adverse effects of the external environment.
The development of manufacturing has become an important reason for improving the living standards of people in Asian countries,and the improvement of living standards also helps to expand the manufacturing industry.In an interview with our reporter,senior economist at the Philippine National Bureau of the Asian Development Bank,Jiro Arai,stated that manufacturing is the pillar of a country's economic development,and the main way for most developing countries in Asia to improve their economies and reduce poverty is through the continuous development of manufacturing.
Large multinational corporations may increase their investment in Asia
Zhuang Juzhong,Deputy Chief Economist of the Asian Development Bank,told our reporter that compared to Latin American countries,the manufacturing industry in Asia has advantages such as cheap labor prices,higher quality,abundant human capital,and a stable overall political and investment environment.In addition,with the vast markets in countries such as China and India,these factors have made Asia a major investment target for global manufacturing enterprises.
The World Investment Report 2011 recently released by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development stated that in 2010,foreign direct investment entering South Asia,East Asia,and Southeast Asia increased by 24%,reaching 300 billion US dollars,accounting for nearly 1/4 of the global total.In 2010,foreign direct investment entering ASEAN more than doubled,reaching$79 billion.The report predicts that Asian economies have made significant progress in regional economic integration,and the development environment of the entire region will be more conducive to attracting foreign investment.
Analysis suggests that Asia's advantages in the manufacturing sector are currently difficult to replace in other regions of the world.Although developed economies will focus on driving the recovery of manufacturing to increase local employment rates in the future,it is unlikely that large multinational corporations in these countries will relocate factories already established in Asia and other parts of the world,especially in labor-intensive industries.On the contrary,due to the unclear economic prospects of the country,Asia's manufacturing and market advantages are more prominent,and large multinational corporations are likely to increase their investment in Asia.Since last year,this trend has become very evident.
Overall,the problems faced by developed economies have not weakened their corporate profitability.In the future,these companies will be more active in global investment and M&A activities,which may be an opportunity for Asian countries with manufacturing advantages to attract more foreign investment.
According to a report released by the Federal Reserve on the 16th,US companies continued to accumulate profits and reduce expenses in the second quarter of this year.The total amount of cash and other liquid assets held by companies increased to$2.047 trillion,an increase of 4.5%compared to the first quarter.Corporate cash holdings are at a high level since the Federal Reserve began this survey in 1945.Bloomberg's previous forecast showed that Japanese companies holding a total of$2.4 trillion in cash will seek overseas acquisitions to increase returns.
The development of Asian manufacturing is also accelerating regional interactions,forming a situation of continuously strengthening production chains through competition and complementarity.For example,in the manufacturing industry,countries such as Vietnam and Indonesia have a cost advantage in producing clothing and shoes compared to China,but related machinery and equipment need to be imported from China.Approximately$35 to$40 of China's$100 processing and production exports to the European and American markets go to Southeast Asian countries.This situation has effectively promoted the improvement of manufacturing industry in the region.
At the same time,enterprises within the region are also increasing their investment in each other.Many Chinese clothing,footwear and other enterprises have relocated their factories to Southeast Asia.The investment in manufacturing among the 10 ASEAN countries reached a record high of 21 billion US dollars last year.
Developed economies and manufacturing industries pose challenges to industrial upgrading in Asia
The Asian manufacturing industry still faces some challenges.Zhuang Juzhong believes that firstly,it is necessary to continue to expand domestic demand and reduce dependence on developed country markets;Secondly,developed countries are currently actively revitalizing their manufacturing industry to create more employment,which will compete for the upgrading of manufacturing in Asian countries;Thirdly,in some emerging Asian economies,processing trade still accounts for a relatively high proportion with low added value,and future industrial upgrading is the trend.
Analysis suggests that if developed countries revive their manufacturing industry,they will first increase investment and research and development in the mid to high end,and then occupy the global market for mid to high end products,which is not conducive to further expansion and improvement of Asian manufacturing.
Quan Dejian,an economic analyst at Dahua Bank in Singapore,told our reporter that boosting domestic consumption can fill the gap in exports caused by weak demand in Europe and America.However,Southeast Asian countries have low income and consumption levels,and the consumer market has shifted from a high-income market to a low-income market.Corporate profits will decrease,while income growth and market expansion will take some time.At the same time,Asian currencies may continue to appreciate,so companies need to raise awareness and self adjust,actively explore Asian regional markets,and gradually reduce their dependence on developed country markets.In addition,Africa and Latin America are non-traditional markets with high risks and returns,great potential,and broad prospects.
Связанные Новости
Контакты Нас
Рим Jingfu Cheng Община, № 10 Zhangba Road, улица Zhangba, высокотехнологичная зона, город Xi 'an, провинция Шэньси, Китай
Сайт мобильного телефона
SAF Coolest v1.3.1.2 设置面板 FVASD-ZANP-FXSSE-AXD
无数据提示
К сожалению, текущая колонка обновляется, пожалуйста, с нетерпением ждем этого!
Вы можете просмотреть другие столбцы или вернутьсяГлавная Страница